Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure used to reduce chronic pain in suitable patients—most commonly around the knee, hip, and selected areas of the spine. Using precisely placed probes, controlled radiofrequency energy disrupts sensory nerve branches that transmit pain signals.

How does it work?

  1. Preparation: Performed under sedation or light general anaesthetic. The skin is cleaned and sterilised; local anaesthetic is used to numb the entry sites.
  2. Probe placement: Through a fine introducer needle, slim probes are positioned adjacent to the target nerves. X-ray fluoroscopy (and/or ultrasound) guides accurate placement.
  3. Safety testing: A brief stimulation test confirms the correct sensory target and helps ensure nearby motor nerves are not affected.
  4. Energy delivery: Radiofrequency energy heats the tissue in a controlled manner, interrupting the nerve’s ability to carry pain signals. “Cooled” technology helps create a consistent treatment zone.
  5. Completion: Local anaesthetic is injected, probes are removed, and a sterile dressing is applied. You are monitored briefly before discharge.

What to expect after the procedure

  • Recovery: Mild soreness or bruising at the entry sites is common and settles over a few days. Pain relief builds gradually—many patients notice improvement over the first several weeks.
  • Activity: Light daily activities usually resume within 24 hours. Avoid heavy lifting and high-impact exercise for a short period as advised.
  • Driving & work: Do not drive for at least 24 hours after sedation/anaesthetic and until you feel safe to do so. Office work is often feasible within 1–3 days; manual roles may need longer.
  • Follow-up: We will review your progress, optimise rehabilitation (e.g., physiotherapy), and discuss further steps if required.

Who is a candidate?

RFA may be considered if you have persistent pain despite non-operative care (exercise therapy, medicines, targeted injections). Typical candidates include:

  • Knee pain related to osteoarthritis or post-surgical pain
  • Hip region pain from articular branch irritation (in selected cases)

Benefits

  • Minimally invasive: day-procedure with small skin punctures and no incisions.
  • Pain reduction: can provide meaningful relief for appropriate candidates, supporting better function and participation in rehab.
  • Repeatable: relief may wear off over time as nerves regenerate; the procedure can often be repeated if helpful.

Risks & Considerations

  • Common, usually mild: temporary soreness, bruising, transient numbness.
  • Uncommon: skin infection, bleeding, increased pain for several days (“post-ablation flare”).
  • Rare: unintended nerve irritation, allergic reaction to medicines or dressings.
  • Response varies: not everyone experiences the same level or duration of relief.

More information

FAQs

How long does pain relief last?

Response varies. In many responders, relief builds over weeks and can last for months. Nerves may regenerate over time; if beneficial, the procedure can often be repeated